Talk2Melbin
Innovation The Key To Success
Run commands for windows users
Oct 22nd
Do you use the Run feature in Windows XP? For most, this feature remains unused (or rarely used). The main reason most people don’t use the Run feature is because they don’t know the Commands. So, here is the solution….
To Access…. Run Command Accessibility Controls access.cpl Accessibility Wizard accwiz Add Hardware Wizard hdwwiz.cpl Add/Remove Programs appwiz.cpl Administrative Tools control admintools Adobe Acrobat (if installed) acrobat Adobe Designer (if installed) acrodist Adobe Distiller (if installed) acrodist Adobe ImageReady (if installed) imageready Adobe Photoshop (if installed) photoshop Automatic Updates wuaucpl.cpl Bluetooth Transfer Wizard fsquirt Calculator calc Certificate Manager certmgr.msc Character Map charmap Check Disk Utility chkdsk Clipboard Viewer clipbrd Command Prompt cmd Component Services dcomcnfg Computer Management compmgmt.msc Control Panel control Date and Time Properties timedate.cpl DDE Shares ddeshare Device Manager devmgmt.msc Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)* directx.cpl Direct X Troubleshooter dxdiag Disk Cleanup Utility cleanmgr Disk Defragment dfrg.msc Disk Management diskmgmt.msc Disk Partition Manager diskpart Display Properties control desktop Display Properties desk.cpl Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected) control color Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility drwtsn32 Driver Verifier Utility verifier Event Viewer eventvwr.msc Files and Settings Transfer Tool migwiz File Signature Verification Tool sigverif Findfast findfast.cpl Firefox (if installed) firefox Folders Properties control folders Fonts control fonts Fonts Folder fonts Free Cell Card Game freecell Game Controllers joy.cpl Group Policy Editor (XP Prof) gpedit.msc Hearts Card Game mshearts Help and Support helpctr HyperTerminal hypertrm Iexpress Wizard iexpress Indexing Service ciadv.msc Internet Connection Wizard icwconn1 Internet Explorer iexplore Internet Properties inetcpl.cpl Internet Setup Wizard inetwiz IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) ipconfig /all IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) ipconfig /displaydns IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents) ipconfig /flushdns IP Configuration (Release All Connections) ipconfig /release IP Configuration (Renew All Connections) ipconfig /renew IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS) ipconfig /registerdns IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID) ipconfig /showclassid IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID) ipconfig /setclassid Java Control Panel (If Installed) jpicpl32.cpl Java Control Panel (If Installed) javaws Keyboard Properties control keyboard Local Security Settings secpol.msc Local Users and Groups lusrmgr.msc Logs You Out Of Windows logoff Malicious Software Removal Tool mrt Microsoft Access (if installed) access.cpl Microsoft Chat winchat Microsoft Excel (if installed) excel Microsoft Frontpage (if installed) frontpg Microsoft Movie Maker moviemk Microsoft Paint mspaint Microsoft Powerpoint (if installed) powerpnt Microsoft Word (if installed) winword Microsoft Syncronization Tool mobsync Minesweeper Game winmine Mouse Properties control mouse Mouse Properties main.cpl Nero (if installed) nero Netmeeting conf Network Connections control netconnections Network Connections ncpa.cpl Network Setup Wizard netsetup.cpl Notepad notepad Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed) nvtuicpl.cpl Object Packager packager ODBC Data Source Administrator odbccp32.cpl On Screen Keyboard osk Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed) ac3filter.cpl Outlook Express msimn Paint pbrush Password Properties password.cpl Performance Monitor perfmon.msc Performance Monitor perfmon Phone and Modem Options telephon.cpl Phone Dialer dialer Pinball Game pinball Power Configuration powercfg.cpl Printers and Faxes control printers Printers Folder printers Private Character Editor eudcedit Quicktime (If Installed) QuickTime.cpl Quicktime Player (if installed) quicktimeplayer Real Player (if installed) realplay Regional Settings intl.cpl Registry Editor regedit Registry Editor regedit32 Remote Access Phonebook rasphone Remote Desktop mstsc Removable Storage ntmsmgr.msc Removable Storage Operator Requests ntmsoprq.msc Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) rsop.msc Scanners and Cameras sticpl.cpl Scheduled Tasks control schedtasks Security Center wscui.cpl Services services.msc Shared Folders fsmgmt.msc Shuts Down Windows shutdown Sounds and Audio mmsys.cpl Spider Solitare Card Game spider SQL Client Configuration cliconfg System Configuration Editor sysedit System Configuration Utility msconfig System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately) sfc /scannow System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At Next Boot) sfc /scanonce System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) sfc /scanboot System File Checker Utility (Return to Default Setting) sfc /revert System File Checker Utility (Purge File Cache) sfc /purgecache System File Checker Utility (Set Cache Size to size x) sfc /cachesize=x System Information msinfo32 System Properties sysdm.cpl Task Manager taskmgr TCP Tester tcptest Telnet Client telnet Tweak UI (if installed) tweakui User Account Management nusrmgr.cpl Utility Manager utilman Windows Address Book wab Windows Address Book Import Utility wabmig Windows Backup Utility (if installed) ntbackup Windows Explorer explorer Windows Firewall firewall.cpl Windows Magnifier magnify Windows Management Infrastructure wmimgmt.msc Windows Media Player wmplayer Windows Messenger msmsgs Windows Picture Import Wizard (need camera connected) wiaacmgr Windows System Security Tool syskey Windows Update Launches wupdmgr Windows Version (to show which version of windows) winver Windows XP Tour Wizard tourstart Wordpad write
Cheers!
Melbin Mathew
www.talk2melbin.com
How To Check The User Creation Date And Time On Windows And Linux
Oct 22nd
How To Check The User Creation Date And Time On Windows And Linux
Finding user creation date on the Operating system is a key fact on security audit. This help us to ensure the validity of the user.
On Windows Operating System user creation date are analyised by checking Event viewers, Profiles creation date and net command.
1. Check on Event viewer. It would be good to enable the audit logs.
2. Profile creation date, help us to know the first login date.
*If the user have never login into the Operating System. System will not create a new profile folder.
3. Check the user status using net command.
Run -> cm -> net user nameofuser
On Linux Operating System user creation date are analyised by checking home directory creation, messages and auditlog.
1. Check the creation data of user home directory
# ls -ld /home/melbin/
Output
drwx—— 5 melbin melbin 4096 Aug 28 22:07 /home/melbin/
2. Grep messages logs.
cat /var/log/messages | grep melbin cat /var/log/messages.* | grep melbin
3. If system auditd are enabled. Search the logs using grep, aureport, ausearch commands. Daemon auditd collects audit subsystem logs and log them on /var/log/audit/audit.log. SELinux uses the audit subsystem.
* aureport –auth | grep melbin
* ausearch
These are two programs, ausearch and aureport, that provide retrieval capabilities. Ausearch is a grep program in that it can be given certain parameters and it will display any records that match. The aureport program was designed to aid in doing reports via awk, perl, or grep. It can select different kinds of information in the audit logs and present them in either columnar form or rankings. Some of the information it can select includes: logins, users, terminals, host names, executables, file access, avc objects, syscalls, watches, or event types.
cat /var/log/audit/audit.log | grep melbin cat /var/log/audit/audit.* | grep melbin
Cheers!
Melbin Mathew
www.talk2melbin.com
How To Backup And Restore Mozilla FireFox/Flock On Windows And Linux
Oct 22nd
How To Backup And Restore Mozilla Fire Fox On Windows And Linux
Mozilla Firefox is a commonly used Internet browser. Some time we need keep the backup of Firefox because we don’t need to loose our favorite bookmarks, saved sessions etc.
Conditions like Operating system re installation or up gradation and even hardware failures might cause loss of our favorite bookmarks. Following steps help us to backup and restore Mozilla Firefox.
Mozilla Backup And Restore On On Linux Operating System
Mozilla Firefox profile and contents are saved on the user home directory.
# ls ~/.mozilla
By default Mozilla contents are kept on a hidden folder. It prevent accidentally deletion of the folder.
Backup Mozilla Firefox to the backup location using “cp” command.
# cp -r ~/.mozilla /backuplocation/mozilla-backup
Restore Mozilla Firefox
Close Mozilla Firefox application and copy the backup to user home directory.
# cp -r /backuplocation/mozilla-backup ~/.mozilla
Mozilla Backup And Restore On Windows Operating System
On Windows machine we are able to take backup of Mozilla Firefox using an application called MozBackup
Download MozBackup Application from the url link http://mozbackup.jasnapaka.com/download.php
Run MozBackup on windows machine
Select backup.
If multiple profiles are using, we need to select each of them for backup.
Save the profile as .pcv file. The .pcv file have all the backup of Mozilla Firefox.
Run MozBackup and select restore.
Choose the previously saved .pcv file for restoration.
Cheers!
Melbin Mathew
www.talk2melbin.com
How To Add/Configure Network Printer On Windows PC – Hp LaserJet N/W Series
Oct 21st
How To Add/Configure Network Printer On Windows PC
A printer which is connected on a network is called network printer. The printer have assigned with a static ip address. All the communication between the printer and computer are done using this ip addresses.
We cannot able to add all printers to the network. To to add a printer to a network, it must have Ethernet port and it’s functions. Commonly we use print servers to manage and share the printer. Where the printer server is the machine on which the printer driver and software is installed.
Using network printer helps,
* Direct communication between printer and computer.
* It won’t affect the print service if the print server is down.
* Network printer itself provide buffering.
* Faster than print server.
* No need to access share.
* We can directly plug our laptop or computer into the network for printing.
* Guest users are restricted to use our network shares.
Adding HP Laser Jet 1220 series and similar network printers can be done using these steps.
Select Printer and Faxes from control panel or start menu.
Click on “Add a Printer”
Select Local Printer attached to this computer and Uncheck Automatically detect and install my plug and play printer.
Create a new port using TCP/IP
Press Next to continue
Enter network printer ip address. Make sure the printer is turned on
Press Finish button.
Select printer driver from windows default driver library.
If needed change the printer name.
Take a test page.
If the machine already have a default printer. Next windows ask for setting this HP printer as default one.
Click finish.
Now we are ready to take printouts.
Cheers!
Melbin Mathew
www.talk2melbin.com
Remote SSH Login Without Password, Execute Command Via SSH and Backup Up Data Using Rsync
Oct 21st
Remote SSH Login Without Password, Execute Command Via SSH and Backup Data Using Rsync
Secure Shell or SSH is a network protocol that allows encrypted data transfer and password between networks. SSH protocol is commonly used for remote server management. It gives us safe and secure path to work on remote machines.
Each time while we access a remote machine via ssh protocol, we need to manually enter the password. This would be a tough job during the repeated access. More server logins are easier via ssh key pair. This technology doesn’t require password for login. Private and public keys are used for this purpose. It is important to keep your keys secure, otherwise our server get hacked by others.
We use ssh key pair for remote login and execution of commands via ssh.
First check whether SSH keys are present.
# ls ~/.ssh/
If not generate new SSH keys.
# ssh-keygen -t dsa
Output
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): NewPassword
Enter same passphrase again: NewPassword
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
2d:25:2d:39:88:63:3d:97:56:4a:75:af:f9:1e:0c:29 root@jmj.talk2melbin.com
* Generate SSH pair using new password.
* Don’t use the same root password.
Secure SSH folder with permission.
# chmod 755 ~/.ssh/
Copy the generated id_dsa.pub to remote server. Using “ssh-copy-id” is secure than “scp” command.
# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@remoteserver
Output
ssh key pair generation
Now try logging into the machine, with “ssh ‘root@remoteserver’”, and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to make sure we haven’t added extra keys that you weren’t expecting.
Login into remote server.
# ssh remote server
Prompt ask for password. Enter the password used during the generation of SSH key.
Output
Enter passphrase for key ‘/root/.ssh/id_dsa’:
Security can increase using SSH Agent
SSH Remote Login Without Password.
check the status of identities,
# ssh-add -L
output
The agent has no identities.
Add ssh identities
# ssh-add
output
Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_dsa:
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_dsa (/root/.ssh/id_dsa)
After adding check the status using,
# ssh-add -L
Output
ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBALrFcmm ……….= /root/.ssh/id_dsa
Now happily login remote server without password.
# ssh user@remoteserver
Execute Command On Remote Server via SSH
We are able to run commands on remote server without login. Some examples are given below,
# ssh root@remoteserver 'ps -ef | grep apache | grep -v grep | wc -l'
Output
8
ssh root@remoteserver 'top -b -n 1 | head -n 10'
Output
top – 21:29:08 up 53 days, 23:30, 3 users, load average: 0.15, 0.07, 0.01
Tasks: 107 total, 1 running, 106 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.0%id, 0.4%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 4037612k total, 4009164k used, 28448k free, 236620k buffers
Swap: 4096496k total, 144k used, 4096352k free, 3297004k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 15 0 10344 684 572 S 0.0 0.0 0:04.59 init
2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.38 migration/0
3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:02.03 ksoftirqd/0
Small Backup Script Using RSYNC
Script is scheduled on the backup storage machine via crontab.
Ruining the script will help to backup MySQL folder from remote server to another. This keep a backup copy of MySQL root folder of another machine. Logs are generated to view the data transfer between the server with actual date.
#/bin/bash echo "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" >> /var/BACKUP/secure/log/mysql.log /bin/date >> /var/BACKUP/secure/log/mysql.log rsync -avz -e "ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa" root@remoteserverip:/var/lib/mysql /var/BACKUP/secure/ >> /var/BACKUP/secure/log/mysql.log
root@remoteserverip:/var/lib/mysql ; is remote server from where we took MySQL folder backup and /var/BACKUP/secure/ ; is the backup location to where we store the backup.
Cheers!
Melbin Mathew
www.talk2melbin.com